A coepoeation of pennsyl



E. H. GEIGER- RAILWAY TRAFFIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS Z'Sheets-Sheet iAug. 5, 1930.

INVENTORI P- H. G aviar aawn/Au Original Filed Oct: 29, 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR P, H. 6; 1 71): 67 @R'WM P. H. GEIGER RAILWAYTRAFFIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS Original Filed 001:. 29, 1923 Aug. 5,1930.

Reissued Aug. 5, 1930 UNITED sT-A'res PAUL H. GEIGEB, or ANN ARBOR, MCHIGAN, AssIGNo'R TO THE UNION swI'rcII &

SIGNAL COMPANY, OF SWISSVALE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL-VANIA RAILWAY-TRAFF1C-OONTBOLLING APPARA'rUs Original application filedOCtober 29, 1 23, Serial no. 671,368 Divided nd application filed March1 0, 1928, Serial No. 260,682. Original NO. 1,704,735, dated March 12,1929. Application for reissue filed.

June 9, 1930. Serial No. 460,068.

My invention relates to railway traflic con trolling apparatus, andparticularly ,to appa ratus of the type comprising devices located alongthe trackway and controlled in accordance with trafiic conditions forgoverning the passage of trains.

The present case'is a division of my co pending application, Serial No.671,368, filed October 29, 1923, for railway tra'fiic controllingapparatus and electricalap'paratus suitable for use therein which hasmatured into Patent No. 1,7 04,7 36, March 12, 1929. p

I will describe several forms of apparatus embodying my invention, andwill then point out the novel features thereof in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a view showing one form ofrailway trafiic con trolling apparatus embodying my invention.

Figs. 2 and 3 are views showlng modified.

forms of the apparatus illustrated in Fig-.1 and also embodying myinvention. 7

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in each of the threeviews;

Referring first to Fig. 1, the reference characters 15 and 15 designatethe track rails of a railway over which traflic normally moves in thedirection indicated by the arrow. These rails are divided, by means of.insulated oints 16, into a plurality of successive track sections D-E,E'F, etc. Located ad jacent the entrance end Of each section is a pairof windings 2 and 3 connected in multiple across the rails of thesection. Associated with Winding 2 is a device A which constitutes meansfor permitting current flowing in one direction but not in the other topass through the winding2. This device A is'a unidirectional currentcarrying device or asymmetric unit of any suitable type, the directionof high conductivity of the device A being indicated by the arrow. Asimilarv asymmetric unit A is associated with the winding 3. As hereshown, each of these P units A and A is connected in series with theassociated winding, and the units are so arranged that current flowingin one direction is permitted to flow freely through winding 2 but notthrough winding 3, whereas, current flowing in th'e-other direction ispercontact 41-5 is closed. When winding 3 is energized and winding 2 isd'eenergized or is energized less strongly than winding 3, armature 4 isswung to the right so that contact 46'is closed. When, however, winding2 is energized and winding 3 is deenergized or is energized lessstrongly than winding 2, the armature 4: is swung to the left so thatcontact4'-7 becomes closed.

Current is reversibly supplied to the rails of each section adjacent theexit end of the section by means of a battery designated by thereference character 9 with a suitable eX- ponent, and a pole changerdesignated by the reference character 8 with a suitable exponent, whichpole changer may be operated by any suitable means not shown in thedrawing. In order to simplify the description of the apparatus, I willterm the windings 2 and 3, the associated asymmetric units A and A, andthe armature 4, a relay device; Each relay device controls a signaldesignated in general by the reference character S with an exponentcorresponding to the location and each of source of current. Cautionlamp Y'is' siinilarly controlled by contact 4 -43, and the stop lamp Ris similarly controlled by contact 45 of the associated relay'device.

As shown in the drawing, the section immediately to the right of point Fis occupied by a train W, so that both of the windings 2 and 3- oftherelay device at point F are de' is forced to flow through relay 10,whereas,

energized. Contact 45 being closed, signal S indicates stop. Polechanger 8 is in such position that the upper rail in section EF ispositive, so that winding 3 of the relay deviceat point E is energized.Contact 46 tion and pole changer S will then hereversed, so that signalS will change to the proceed indication.

Referring now to Fig. 2, I have shown a four-indication signaling systemin which each section is provided with two track relays 10 and 11connected in series across the track rails adjacent the entrance. end ofthe section. Each relay 10 is provided with a shunt including anasymmetric. unit A whereas, each relay 11 is provided with a shuntincludingan asymmetric unit A The units A and A3 are oppositelydisposed,so

that current of one polarity butnot the other current of the secondpolarity but not the first is forced to flow through relay 11., In

the arrangement shown in the drawing, relay 10 is provided with anadditional asymmetrlc unit A which freely passes the current which isfOICQd y Unit 1 0 g' relay transformer 29 Asymmetric unit A is soconnected in this circuit that current can flow,

10, but opposes the passage of the flow of current of the other polarityin relay 10. Relay 11 is similarly providedwith an additional unit Awhich freely passes current that is forced ,by unit A to flow throughthejrelay 11, but opposesjthe passage of current of the other polarity.

Each of the signals semaphore type,

relays 10 and 11 in'the following manner: When both relays aredeenergized (see'signal S both semaphore arms25 and 26 arein thehorizontal position indicating stop.

When relay 11 is energized andv relay" 10 is;

which circuit passes from terminal B of a suitable source of current notshown in the I drawing, through contact 21 ofrelayll and signal, thenoperating mechanism of'semapho're25 to t ermlnal G of thesame sourceofcurre'nt. The 1nd1cates..proceedprepared to stop at next signal. WVhenrelay 10 is energ z l d relay 11 deenergized' (seeisign'al S13) thecaution indication, circuit for semaphore arm 25 passes from terminal B,through I contact 130 f relay 10. and the semaphore in the arrangementhere shown is of the two-arm and each slgnal is controlled by theassociated.

arm operating mechanism to terminal C. A circuit for semaphore arm 26 isalso closed, which circuit passes from terminal 13, through back contact17 of relay 11, front contact 12 of relay 10 and the operating mechanismof arm 26 to terminal 0. The signal then indicates proceed with caution.When both relays 10 andv 11 are energized (see signal S the circuitforsemaphore arm 26 is open at back contact 17 of relay 11 but the cautioncircuit for semaphore arm 25 is still closed at contact 18 of relay 10.A proceed circuit for arm'25 is also closed, which circuit passes fromterminal B through front contact 19 of relay 10, front contact 22 ofrelay 11 and the operating mechanismof arm 25 to terminal 0. Semaphorearm 25 is then in Vertical position so that the signal indicatesproceed. I

As shown in the drawing, the section immediately to the right of point His occupied by a train W, so that both relays 10 and 11' at point H aredeenergized', with the result that signal S indicates stop. Current isnow supplied to the rails of section F"H from the secondary of thetransformer 29 the primary of which is constantly supplied fromtheright-hand terminal of the trans former secondary tothe left-handterminal.

relay 10 at the same point is deenergized.-

The circuit for supplying current to the rails of section E l" is thesame as the circuit for section.F-'H, except thatthe currentforsectionE-F passes through asymmetric unit A and thefrontpoint of contactinstead of through ,unit. A and the back. point; of contact 23.'Conseque-nt1y, at point F the current can flow from theleftj-handterminal of the secondary of transformer 29 to the right-hand terminalbut not inthe other clirection. The result of this is E relay 10 isenergized. "The circuit for supplying current to'th'e rails of section'DE passes'from the secondary of transformer29 through wire 31, therail15 and fr'omrail l5'through reactance 24, wires 32' and 34, andthefront polnt of contact 20 of relay, 10 to the secondary of transformer29 It follows" that alternating-1currentis supplied to the rails ofsectlon D.E sothat h'othrelayslO and 11 .are energizedw Alternatingcurrent will ac- D N that. at point energ zed and relay 11" is de Isacordingly be supplied; to the section to the left of point D; because,relay at point D is energized. I

. \Vhen the train W passes out of the section to the right of point H,relay 11 at point H will become energized, so that at point F,v relay 11will i become deenergized and relay 10 will become energized, Bothrelays 10 and: 11 at point E will then become energized, so that signalS 'will then giveaqproceed indication- 1 Referring now to Fig. 3, theapparatus here shown; is similar to that shown in Fig. 2, except thatthe signaling system is of the threeindicatio'n type. That is to say,each signal S is adapted to indicate stop, caution and proceedy, and, ashere'shown, each of these signals is of the one-arm semaphore type.-

' Each signal is provided with a caution indicaglzed.

tion circuit including front contact 12 of the associated relay 10, andwith a proceedindication. circuit including front contactl'l'. of theassociated relay 11. It follows that each signal will indicate cautionwhenrelay 10 is :i energized, proceed when relay 11 is energized,

and stop when both of these relays are deenergized. 1

As shown in the drawing, the section immediately totheright of point Fis occupied. by a train W, so that bothrelays 10 andill at point F aredeenergized, with the result that signal S indicates stop. The railsofsection. are now supplied with current; which passes from terminal Bofa; suitablesouree, through back contact 22 of relay 1], bacl'ncon;tact 19 of relay. 10 to lower rail andffromupper rail 15, through backContact 1,8of relay 10, and back contact 21 of relay 11 to terminal C4of the same source. This current is in. such direction as to energizerelay 1() at. pointE butnot relay 11 at the-same point.

Signal SE accordingly indicatescaution, and. current is supplied to.the/rails of section DEffr,o m terminal B, throughfrontcon tact of relay1O tothe upper rail 15, and:

from'the lower rail15 'thr ough front contact 27 of relay 10-toterminalC of. the same source. This current flows in'such directionthatat point Drelay .11 i-senergized. and. relay 10 deenergized. Signalsaccordingly indicates proceed, and the supply of current to the rails ofthe section totheleft of point D is as fol-- lows: From. terminal B,through front contact. 23 of. relay ll/to rail 15, and from. rail 15,throu h front contact 28 of relay ll to terminal This current flows. inthe saine direction as'that: supplied to.section.D E so.

that atthenextpoint. to;the left of pointD relay 11 will be'energizedandrelay-IO deener- .lthp ugh I have Herein shown and described onlyaiew formsof railwaytrafiic controlling apparatusembodying my inventtion, it is understood thatfvaitionschangesand modifications may be.madethereimwith:

in the scope of the appended-claims without departing from the spiritand scope of my invention.-

Having thus describedmy invention, what I claim is:

1'. In combination, a section of railway track, means for reversiblysupplying cur rent to the rails of the section, two windings connectedwith the rails of the section, asymmetric units associated with said.windings for permitting current of onepolarity but not of the other topass through one winding and for permittingcurrent of the secondpolarity but not of the first to pass through the other winding, and atrackway signal controlled jointly by said windings.

2. In combination, a section of railway track, means controlled bytraflic conditions ahead of said section for reversibly supplyingcurrent to the rails of the section, two relays connected with the railsofsa'id section, asymmetric units associated with said relays forpermitting current of one polarity but not of the other to pass throughone relay and for permitting current of the secondpolarity but not ofthe first to pass throughthe other relay, and traific governing meansfor said section controlled by saidrelays.

' Incombination, a section of railway track, two relays connected withthe rails of saidsection, asymmetricunits associated with said relaysfor I permitting current of one polarity but not of the other to passthrough one relay and for permitting current of the 1 second polaritybut not of the first to pass through the other. relay, traific governingmeans controlled by said relays, and means track, two windings connectedwiththe rails of said section, asymmetric units associated with saidwindings for permitting current of one polarity but not of the other topass through one winding and for permitting currentoi the secondpolarity but not ofthe first to pass through the other winding, traflicgoverning means controlled by said'windings, and means for reversiblysupplying current to the rails of said section: I I 5. In combination, asection of railway track, two relays connected with the rails of saidsection, asymmetric units associated with said relays for permittingcurrent? of one polarity but not of theqot-her to pass through one relayand for permitting current of the second polarity but not. of the firstto pass through the other relay, trafllc governing.

means controlled by said relays, and means for supplying current ofonepola'rity or current of the other polarity or alternating cur,-

rent tothe rails of said section. v

6. In, combination, a plurality of succesmetric units associated withthe relays for each section I for permitting current of one polarity butnot of the other to pass through one relay and for permitting currentofthe second polarity but not of the first to pass through the otherrelay, whereby one relay or the other is energized according as the secw tion is supplied with current of one polarity or the other and bothrelays are energized when the section is supplied with alternatingcurrent, traffic governing means controlled by said relays, and meanscontrolled by the relaysoif eachsection for supplying the section intherear with current of one polarity of current oft-he other polarity oralternating current according as both 1 relays are deener gized or onerelay is energized'or the other relay is energize r In combination, aplurality of successive sectionsof railway track, two relays con'nected, with the rails of each sectiomasym metric units associated withthe relaysfor each section for permitting current of, onepolaritybut'not of the other to pass through onerelay'andfor permittingcurrent of the,

- second polarity but not of the firstto pass means controlled by saidrelays, and means controlled" by the relays ofteach section for vreversibly supplying current a to the rails of I thesection'nextxin-rearl f 1 5 94 ln'combination 'a pl'uralityof succesthrough theotherrelay, whereby one relay or the other is energized according as thesec tion is supplied with current of'one polarity orthe otherand'both'relays are energized when the section is'suppliedwithalternating current, trafiic governing means controlled by said relays,a source of alternating current for each section; means 'operatingwhen"one relay of: a sectionis energized to' connect the sourceforthesection'in the'rear directly with the-rails, and means operatingwhen said one relay is deenergized to connect said source with the railsthrough one asymmetric unit or" another according as the other relay isen.- ergized or deene-rgized said last mentioned units beingarrangedtopass currents of opp'osite polarities; v

8; In combination, a i plurality of" successive sections ofrailwaytrack, two relayscon-; nected" with therailso feach section, asymmetricunits associated withth'e -relays for each section for permittingcurrent of one polarity but notof the otherito pass through one relayand for permitting current of the second polarity but not ofthe first topass.

through;- the Othen'relay, traflicg'overn'ing sive sections of railwaytrack 'two windings receiving current from the rails of each, sec-1tion; means associated with one-winding of each section for permittingcurrent flowing in" one direction butf ii'otin the othento'fpass through'thewinding, means associated "with the other winding of each sectionfor permit-' ting current flowing" in thd-salidbthr direc next in therear;

10. In combination, a plurality of successivesecti'ons of railway track,two relays receiving current from the rails of each section, a meansassociated-wlth one relay of each section for permitting current flowingin one direction but not in the other to pass through the relay, meansassociated with the other relay of each section for permitting currentflowing in the said other direction butnot in the first direction topass through the relay, traffic governing means controlled by; saidrelays, means for supplying current to the rails ofeach section, andmeans controlled by therelays of each section for determining thedirection of the flow of current in the rails of the section'nextin therear. 1 7

11. In combination, a section of railway track,' a sourceo'f'alternating current connected with therails of said section, twore-- lays connected with the rails of said section, asymmetrical unitsassociated with said relaysforpermitting current of one polarity butnotof the other to pass through one relay and for permitting current'ofthe other p0 larity but not of the first polarity to pass through theother relay, traffic governingmeans; for saidsection, andmeans foroperatm g" said' 'traffic governing means only when said relays-are bothenergized. 121 In combination; a section of railway track, 'a source ofalternating current, connected with the railsof said section, two relays connected I; with the rails: of said section, asymmetrical/units;associated said relays" for permitting current of one polarity but notof theother to pass throughone relay and for permittingcurrent of theother polarity but not of the first polarity to pass through the otherrelay, a trafiic governing J or aless restrictive'condition, and meansfor causing said device'to assume its less restrie device capable ofassuming a more'restrictiye tiVe condition and when and only when saidtwo relays are both energized;

'13. A railwaysignaling track circuit compr sing asourc'e of directcurrent and a track relay each connected across the rails, and a, copperoxiderectifier vso connected between said relay and one track rail thatthe track circuit current'flows therethrough in the low resistancedirection.

v 14. railway signaling track circuit'c'om prising a seurceof directcurrent and a track relay each connected across the rails, and a deviceinterposedbetween" said relay and one track railfa-nd haying thecharacteristic of instantaneously increasing inresistance in response todecrease of the current flowing therethrough.

15. A railway signaling track circuit comprising a source of directcurrent and a track relay each connected across the rails, and a copperoxide rectifier so connected in series with said relay that the trackcircuit current flows therethrough in the low resistance direction.

In testimony whereof I afiix In signature.

PAUL H. EIGER.

